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<i class='fas fa-caret-right ms-1'></i></div><div id=sidebar-toc class="hidden md:block overflow-y-auto mx-6 md:mx-0 pe-6 pt-2 md:max-h-doc-sidebar bg-primary-bg md:bg-transparent"><div class="flex flex-wrap ms-4 -me-2 p-2 bg-secondary-bg md:bg-primary-bg rounded"><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/>汇编语言</a></div><ul class=ps-6><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/18/>11.9 ~ 11.11</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/17/>11.7 ~ 11.9</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/16/>11.1 ~ 11.6</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/15/>10.8 ~ 10.12</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/14/>10.1 ~ 10.7</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/13/>9.7 ~ 9.9</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/12/>9.1 ~ 9.6</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/11/>8.5 ~ 8.9</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/10/>8.1</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class="text-eureka hover:text-eureka" href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/9/>7.1 ~ 7.10</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/8/>6.1 ~ 6.3</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/7/>5.1 ~ 5.4</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/6/>4.1 ~ 4.9</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/5/>3.6 ~ 3.10</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/4/>3.1 ~ 3.5</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/3/>2.8 ~ 2.12</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/2/>1.11 ~ 2.6</a></div></li><li class=py-2><div><a class=hover:text-eureka href=https://b.hui.ke/docs/assembly-language/1/>1.1 ~ 1.10</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="w-full md:w-3/4 lg:w-4/5 pb-8 pt-2 md:pt-8"><div class=flex><div class="w-full lg:w-3/4 px-6"><article class=prose><h1 class=mb-4>7.1 ~ 7.10</h1><div class="text-tertiary-text not-prose mt-2 flex flex-row flex-wrap items-center"><div class="me-6 my-2"><i class="fas fa-calendar me-1"></i>
<span>2020-03-22</span></div><div class="me-6 my-2"><i class="fa-solid fa-pen-to-square me-1"></i>
<span>2020-03-22</span></div><div class="me-6 my-2"><i class="fas fa-clock me-1"></i>
<span>3 min read</span></div><div class="me-6 my-2"><i class="fas fa-folder me-1"></i>
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<a href=https://b.hui.ke/series/x86asm-language/ class=hover:text-eureka>x86asm Language</a></div><div class="me-6 my-2"><i class="fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i>
<span id=busuanzi_value_page_pv><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span> Hits</div></div><p>  《汇编语言（第3版）》7.1 ~ 7.10、《零基础入门学习汇编语言》P32 ~ 35</p><h2 id=第七章-更灵活的定位内存地址的方法>第七章 更灵活的定位内存地址的方法</h2><h3 id=71-and-和-or-指令>7.1 and 和 or 指令</h3><h4 id=711-and-指令>7.1.1 and 指令</h4><p>  逻辑与指令，按位进行<strong>与</strong>运算</p><ul><li><table><thead><tr><th style=text-align:center>-</th><th style=text-align:center>结果</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style=text-align:center>0</td><td style=text-align:center>0</td><td style=text-align:center>0</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:center>0</td><td style=text-align:center>1</td><td style=text-align:center>0</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:center>1</td><td style=text-align:center>0</td><td style=text-align:center>0</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:center>1</td><td style=text-align:center>1</td><td style=text-align:center>1</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul><pre><code class=language-x86asm>mov al,01100011B
and al,00111011B
al=00100011B     # 执行后
</code></pre><p>  and 指令的使用技巧：通过该指令可将操作对象的相应位设为 0，其他位不变。</p><p>  例如</p><ol><li>将 al 的第 6 位设为 0：and al,10111111B</li><li>将 al 的第 7 位设为 0：and al,01111111B</li><li>将 al 的第 0 位设为 0：and al,11111110B</li></ol><h4 id=712-or-指令>7.1.2 or 指令</h4><p>  逻辑或指令，按位进行或运算</p><ul><li><table><thead><tr><th style=text-align:center>-</th><th style=text-align:center>结果</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style=text-align:center>0</td><td style=text-align:center>0</td><td style=text-align:center>0</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:center>0</td><td style=text-align:center>1</td><td style=text-align:center>1</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:center>1</td><td style=text-align:center>0</td><td style=text-align:center>1</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:center>1</td><td style=text-align:center>1</td><td style=text-align:center>1</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul><pre><code class=language-x86asm>mov al,01100011B
or al,00111011B
al=01111011B     # 执行后
</code></pre><p>  or 指令的功能：通过该指令可将操作对象的相应位设为 1，其他位不变
例如</p><ol><li>将 al 的第 6 位设为 1：or al,01000000B</li><li>将 al 的第 7 位设为 1：or al,10000000B</li><li>将 al 的第 0 位设为 1：or al,00000001B</li></ol><h3 id=73-以字符形式给出的数据>7.3 以字符形式给出的数据</h3><p>  我们可以在汇编程序中，用&rsquo;……&lsquo;的方式指明数据是以字符的形式给出的，编译器将把它们转化为相对应的 ASCII 码。</p><h3 id=74-大小写转换的问题>7.4 大小写转换的问题</h3><p>  在十进制 ASCII 码表上，小写字母比大写字母大 32（20H），例如小写 a 是 61H，大写 A 是 41H</p><p>  一个字母，不管原来是大写还是小写</p><ol><li>我们将它的第 5 位置 0，它就必须将变为大写字母；</li><li>将它的第 5 位置 1，它就必须变为小写字母。</li></ol><h4 id=大小写字母转换>大小写字母转换</h4><pre><code class=language-x86asm>assume cs:codesg,ds:datasg

datasg segment
db 'BaSiC'
db 'iNfOrMaTiOn'
datasg ends

codesg segment
start:
	mov ax,datasg
	mov ds,ax     # 设置 ds 指向 datasg 段
	mov bx,0     # 设置 (bx)=0，ds:bx 指向“BaSiC”的第一个字母

	mov cx,5     # 设置循环次数 5，因为“BaSiC”有 5 个字母
	s:
		mov al,[bx]     # 将 ASCII 码从 ds:bx 所指向的单元中取出
		and al,11011111b     # 将 al 中的 ASCII 码的第 5 位置为 0，变为大写字母
		mov [bx],al     # 将转变后的 ASCII 码写回原单元
		inc bx     # (bx)加 1，ds:bx 指向下一个字母
	loop s

	mov bx,5     # 设置 (bx)=5，ds:bx 指向“iNfOrMaTiOn”的第一个字母

	mov cx,11     # 设置循环次数 11，因为“iNfOrMaTiOn”有 11 个字母
	s0:
		mov al,[bx]
		or al,00100000b     # 将 al 中的 ASCII 码的第 5 位置为 0，变为小写字母
		mov [bx],al
		inc bx
	loop s0

	mov ax,4c00h
	int 21h
codesg ends
end start
</code></pre><h3 id=75-bxidata>7.5 [bx+idata]</h3><p>  [bx+idata] 表示一个内存单元，它的偏移地址为 (bx)+idata（bx 中的数值加上 idata）。</p><p>  指令 mov ax,[bx+200] 可写成如下格式</p><pre><code class=language-x86asm>mov ax,[200+bx]
mov ax,200[bx]
mov ax,[bx].200
</code></pre><h3 id=77-si-和-di>7.7 SI 和 DI</h3><p>  SI 和 DI 是 8086 CPU 中和 bx 功能相近的寄存器，但是 SI 和 DI <strong>不能够</strong>分成两个 8 位寄存器来使用。</p><p>  下面每两行的指令实现了相同的功能</p><table><thead><tr><th style=text-align:left>指令一</th><th style=text-align:left>指令二</th><th style=text-align:left>指令三</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style=text-align:left>mov bx,0</td><td style=text-align:left>mov si,0</td><td style=text-align:left>mov di,0</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>mov ax,[bx]</td><td style=text-align:left>mov ax,[si]</td><td style=text-align:left>mov ax,[di]</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>————</td><td style=text-align:left>————</td><td style=text-align:left>————</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>mov bx,0</td><td style=text-align:left>mov si,0</td><td style=text-align:left>mov di,0</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>mov ax,[bx+123]</td><td style=text-align:left>mov ax,[si+123]</td><td style=text-align:left>mov ax,[di+123]</td></tr></tbody></table><p>  用 ds:si 指向要复制的原始字符串，用 ds:di 指向复制的目的空间，然后用一个循环来完成复制。</p><p>  注意利用 [bx（si 或 di）+idata] 的方式，来使程序变得更简洁。例如将固定长度的一段字符串，复制到另一段空间，就可以用相对偏移地址的方式，少引用一个偏移地址寄存器。</p><h3 id=710-不同的寻址方式的灵活应用>7.10 不同的寻址方式的灵活应用</h3><p>  共有以下几种寻址方式</p><ol><li>[data] 用要给常量来表示地址，可用于直接定位一个内存单元；</li><li>[bx] 用一个变量来表示内存地址，可用于间接定位一个内存单元；</li><li>[bx+idata] 用一个变量和常量表示地址，可在一个起始地址的基础上用变量间接定位一个内存单元；</li><li>[bx+si] 用两个变量表示地址；</li><li>[bx+si+idata] 用两个变量和一个常量表示地址。</li></ol></article><div class=my-4><a href=https://b.hui.ke/tags/and/ class="inline-block bg-tertiary-bg text-sm rounded px-3 py-1 my-1 me-2 hover:text-eureka">#and</a>
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hidden px-6 pb-6 lg:block"><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><a href=#第七章-更灵活的定位内存地址的方法>第七章 更灵活的定位内存地址的方法</a><ul><li><a href=#71-and-和-or-指令>7.1 and 和 or 指令</a><ul><li><a href=#711-and-指令>7.1.1 and 指令</a></li><li><a href=#712-or-指令>7.1.2 or 指令</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#73-以字符形式给出的数据>7.3 以字符形式给出的数据</a></li><li><a href=#74-大小写转换的问题>7.4 大小写转换的问题</a><ul><li><a href=#大小写字母转换>大小写字母转换</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#75-bxidata>7.5 [bx+idata]</a></li><li><a href=#77-si-和-di>7.7 SI 和 DI</a></li><li><a href=#710-不同的寻址方式的灵活应用>7.10 不同的寻址方式的灵活应用</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div><script>window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{enableStickyToc()})</script></div></div></div></div></div><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{hljs.highlightAll(),changeSidebarHeight(),switchDocToc()})</script></div></div></main><footer class=pl-scrollbar><div class="mx-auto w-full max-w-screen-xl"><div class="text-center p-6 pin-b"><script async src=/js/click.js></script><div id=poem_ip></div><script type=text/javascript>jinrishici.load(function(e){tags.innerHTML=e.data.matchTags})</script><div><span id=timeDate>载入年天数...</span><span id=times>载入时分秒...</span>
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